Integrated Pest Management for Raspberries

HARVEST (JULY THROUGH MID-AUGUST)

Acknowledgements

Nooksack IPM Advisory Committee

Introduction

Dormant and Pre-Bloom

Bloom/Pre-Harvest

Harvest Period

Key Pests
Biology
Monitoring
Scouting Report
Matrix - Insects
Matrix - Diseases

Post-Harvest

Insect Identification Sheets

Disease Identification Sheets

Tables and Charts

Pesticide Selection

IPM Resources

Pesticides and Water

PEST	BRIEF DESCRIPTION	DAMAGE/REASON FOR CONCERN	MONITORING APPROACHES	DECISION POINTS/ TOLERANCE	MANAGEMENT OPTIONS	FOLLOW UP
Spider Mites (Twospotted mite is the most common spider mite)	Adults are about 1/50" long, have eight legs, and are light tan or greenish in color with a dark spot on each side, which looks like a saddle.	Feed on underside of foliage. Reduced plant vigor, water loss and premature defoliation. Usually increase during harvest.	Examine foliage at several sites using a 10X hand lens beginning in early May. Collect 10 leaflets at each site and record the number of spider mites and predator mites. Pay particular attention to mite egg density.	An increasing mite population with many eggs and few predators. Timing of treatment also depends on pre-harvest interval of available miticides.	Chemical miticides. Use insecticides only when necessary to avoid killing mite predators.	Fields that have been sprayed should be sampled 5-7 days after the application.
Black Vine Weevil (BVW) (Black vine weevil is dominant) Others species may also be present during harvest.	Most, if not all, adult BVW have emerged from the soil before harvest begins.	Harvest contaminant. Adults lay numerous eggs which hatch into grubs in soil and feed on roots during fall and winter.	Check harvester belt for presence of weevils. Take 10 beating tray samples at each of several sites in a field and record the number and type of weevils detected. For best results, sample at night.	Excessive # weevils on harvesting belt. Continued presence of weevils in beating tray samples, rough threshold one weevil per 10 beating tray samples.	Chemical insecticide; choose based on pre-harvest interval, bee safety and toxicity to mite predators.	Resample soon after treatment with beating tray or by riding mechanical harvesters.
Leafrollers (OBLR, obliquebanded is most common in Whatcom County.)	OBLR: pale to dark green worm, head and shoulders are brown to black. Maximum 1". Leafroller larvae wiggle rapidly if disturbed. Adult stage may still be present at onset of harvest.	Web and feed on foliage and ripe fruit. Harvest contaminant.	Check pheromone traps weekly during June and July to determine peak OBLR flight. Look for OBLR worms in new growth 10 days after peak flight. Record % infested hills; frequency of sampling increases if approaching threshold. Check harvester belts and beating trays.	10% or more infested hills. Detection of leafrollers on beating trays and on harvester belt.	Synthetic or microbial insecticide (B.t.). Target 3-4th instar stage with B.t. in the evening or on a cloudy day. Include a sticker. The insect must consume this biological insecticide to be killed.	Resample about 4 days after treatment. Continue checking harvester belt and beating tray samples.
Western Raspberry Fruitworm	Most will be in larval stage during harvest. Mature worm is 1/3-inch long with light brown areas on the back of each segment. Larval contamination most likely during first two weeks of harvest.	Feeds in center of developing fruits. Tunnels into the core, often working into the drupelets. Worms feed for 30 days or more, drop to ground.	Examine fruit for feeding damage in the field or on harvesting belt.	No threshold established. Pre-bloom adult stage is preferred stage for control, prior to egg laying.	Difficult to control fruitworm larvae with insecticides due to their habit of feeding within the developing fruit.	Fields which are infested should be monitored closely in the following season during the pre-bloom period.
Armyworms and Cutworms	Pale green to brown larvae More active at night	Some can cause significant defoliation; harvest contaminants.	Check harvesting belt. Beating tray samples.	Recent and widespread defoliation. Presence of numerous worms in beating trays or on harvesting belt.	Synthetic or microbial insecticide. Both are more effective when targeting early to mid-stage worms.	Continue checking harvester belt and beating tray samples.